Bone-on-Bone Disease vs. Arthritis: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment Options

When it comes to joint pain, many people hear terms like “arthritis” and “bone-on-bone” disease used interchangeably. While they are related, understanding the differences can be key to knowing your treatment options and protecting your mobility.

What is Arthritis?

Arthritis is a broad term for conditions that cause inflammation in the joints. The most common form, osteoarthritis (OA), occurs when the cartilage—the protective cushion between bones—gradually wears down. As cartilage deteriorates, bones may rub against each other, leading to pain, stiffness, swelling, and reduced range of motion.

There are several types of arthritis:

• OA:  Most common and often develops with age or after joint injuries
• Rheumatoid Arthritis:  An autoimmune condition where the body attacks joint tissues
• Post-Traumatic Arthritis:  Develops after an injury like a fracture or ligament tear

What is Bone-on-Bone Disease?

“Bone-on-Bone” is a term often used to describe the advanced stage of OA. In this stage, cartilage is completely worn away, causing the bones in the joint to rub directly against each other. This can lead to:

• Severe joint pain, especially with movement
• Swelling and inflammation
• Stiffness that limits daily activities
• Bone spurs or joint deformities over time

Not every patient with arthritis progresses to bone-on-bone disease. Early detection and treatment can slow cartilage loss, relieve pain, and improve joint function.

Key Differences Between Arthritis and Bone-on-Bone Disease

Treatment Options

Non-Surgical Treatments:

• Physical therapy to strengthen muscles around the joint
• Anti-inflammatory medications or joint injections
• Weight management and low-impact exercise

Surgical Options:

For patients with bone-on-bone disease or severe arthritis not relieved by conservative care, procedures like joint replacement surgery can restore mobility, reduce pain, and improve quality of life.

When to See a Specialist

If you experience persistent joint pain, stiffness, swelling, or reduced mobility, it’s time to consult an orthopedic specialist! Early intervention can slow the progression of arthritis and prevent the need for more invasive treatments.

At Waterbury Hospital Orthopedics, our experienced team is here to evaluate your joint health and create a personalized treatment plan. Don’t let arthritis or bone-on-bone disease limit your life—call us at (2030 573-7677 to schedule a consultation!